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Assignment 1 - Routing with OSPF
1 Introduction
The goals of this assignment are:
? to improve your understanding of OSPF by using it in a network
? become familiar with the way routers are configured by using an interface
similar to that of a typical router
In this assignment, you will configure the internal routing for your network in
the mini-Internet. The next assignment will follow on from this assignment
and you will connect your network with the network’s of all the students in
your class by configuring external routing. By the end, as a class, you will
have created your own version of the Internet using the real protocols actually
used today on the Internet.
For this assignment, you will configure virtual software routers rather than
physical routing hardware. These routers are running FRRouting. FRRouting
(FRR)1
is a popular routing protocol suite. FRRouting speaks many routing
protocols including OSPF and BGP and installs the routing decisions into the
Linux kernel. It has a management console interface that is similar to Cisco’s
IOS commands. FRRouting is a “real” technology used in real networks (not
just for teaching).
Note: Unlike the labs, this assignment is an individual. Work on your own.
You may discuss the assignment in general terms but do not look at anyone
else’s configuration or show them yours. If you need help, ask the lecturer in
person or by email, or post on Moodle. Please do not post configurations on
Moodle.
1.1 The mini-Internet
You have already accessed mini-Internet for labs, but the information is re peated here. The mini-Internet is a teaching project developed by ETH
Zurich2
. As a student, you are each given your own Autonomous System
(AS) to manage and configure.
The mini-Internet gives you access to several Docker containers. These Docker
containers behave like real hosts, switches, and routers; with the main differ ence being that you cannot reboot or shut them down. All of these networks
run on a single server, mini.cms.waikato.ac.nz. In the second assignment,
you will connect your AS with other students in your class.
1.2 Accessing the mini-Internet
You can access the mini-Internet using the secure shell (ssh) command, you
can access it either from home or the lab. One host within your network is
pre-configured with a secure shell server which is exposed on a unique port
on mini.cms.waikato.ac.nz. Your unique port number is 52000 added to
your AS number. You will receive an individual email with your AS number
and password; it is your responsibility to keep it confidential. Please do not
change this password. If you want to simplify access, please set up an SSH key
instead, details of which are included in the first lab.
The command to connect to the mini-Internet is:
ssh [email protected] -p <your ssh port number>
1.3 Accessing Routers, Hosts and Switches
Using the ./goto.sh script in the proxy container you can access any router,
host, or switch you wish. You can always see the container you are logged
into by looking at the hostname on the left of your terminal. To exit any
container back to the proxy you can press ctrl+d or type exit. You can log
in to multiple hosts or routers at once, or even the same one twice.
Accessing routers. Access a router using ./goto.sh <router name> router.
For example to access the router HAML:
root@gXX-proxy:~# ./goto.sh HAML router
Now you are in the FRRouting CLI on the router HAML. See 2.1 for details
on how to use this interface.
Accessing hosts. Each location shown in Figure 1 has a host attached di rectly to the router. To access the host attached to a router use the command
./goto.sh <host name> host. For example to access the NEWY host use:
root@gXX-proxy:~# ./goto.sh NEWY host
Recall for the lab tasks, you could access hosts in the UNIV network as follows:
root@gXX-proxy:~# ./goto.sh UNIV west-1
2
Now you are in a standard Linux shell, where you can run commands like ip
just as you have done in the lab exercises.
Accessing switches. Accessing switches is not required for this course.
However, for completeness, use ./goto.sh UNIV <switch name> to access a
switch. For example to access the EAST switch use:
root@gXX-proxy:~# ./goto.sh UNIV EAST
Now you are in a standard Linux shell, the switches are running the Open
vSwitch software.
1.4 Backing Up Your Configuration
You can create a backup of the running configuration on your routers using
the ./save_configs.sh command on the proxy host. ./save_configs.sh
will create a folder configs [date] [time] and a zipped version of that folder.
You should keep regular backups of your configuration. You will also need to
submit this zip file as the final version of your configuration.
You can copy this off the proxy host using the scp command. For example on
your home or lab machine run:
scp -P <port number> \
[email protected]:<config name>.zip ./dst/path/
Note: you supply the port number to scp using the capital ‘-P’ option, rather
than the lowercase ‘-p’ like with ssh. In the command above ‘\’ splits this
long line across two, a terminal will remove the ‘\’ and run the command as
if it was on a single line.
1.5 Mini-Internet Help
If you have problems, please email the lecturer as soon as possible, if you
have any issues accessing your containers or other problems. Also, check the
Assignment section on Moodle for FAQs about this assignment.